Do you know what the definition of "liberal" is?
According to Dictionary.com, it's someone that's "favorable to progress or reform." Oh, and it also means generous, but that's beside my point. If so many democrats are "liberal," by definition they are not happy with the way things are - they want change. If one believes that there's always room for progress and that we shouldn't be happy with just what's "good enough," it doesn't surprise me that liberal democrats would be described as less happy than republicans.
I've never really understood how/why liberal came to be associated with BAD. In my mind, being liberal is a pretty good thing.
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/liberal or
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/liberal
In any case, "happy" is a very non-descript word that can lead to all kinds of theories in this case.