In Texas, which is a "right-to-work" state, you can get fired for any reason, including no reason at all, since employment is at will.
Filing for and collecting unemployment nowadays is a relatively quick and somewhat painless process which can be done online or over the phone.
The max anyone can get for a weekly benefit (paid bi-weekly) is about $330. That lasts for approximately 4-6 months. During that time you will be asked to keep a log of work search contacts - for they will reserve the right to check to see if you're really doing so.
More info:
http://www.texasworkforce.org/
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