If you pay an additional $60 with the applicable processing fees, you can get it expedited and it'll arrive within 7 business days, otherwise regular processing takes about 25 business days (so 6 weeks).

However, if you go your main Passport Agency office in your city, you can get same day service, but you MUST make an appointment and show proof of why you need the passport ASAP. There are even more additional fees to this, but I'm unsure as to how much it is now (I think it may have gone up).