I too was a music major!! It was not fun. It's a 4.5 year major that I did in 3.5 and I don't recommend it. But anyway, I adored student teaching and here's what I had to do prior, for a secondary instrumental music ed degree, I am NOT a certified general music teacher:
1) Gen eds. Too many
English, bio science, history, physical science, foreign languages, etc.
2) 1 semester conducting
3) 1 semester each of String, Woodwind, Brass, and Percussion Techniques
4) 2 semesters of Rehearsal Techniques, culminating in directing the graduation band on the piece of your choice plus a band arrangement of a Stravinsky string quartet. DYOT--Do your own transpositions. Complete with portfolio.
5) 4 education classes, each with 25 hours of observation
6) The standard ensemble requirement: One major ensemble every semester, plus at least 6 semesters of chamber ensembles
7) at least 9 credits of private lessons on your major PLUS a senior recital, 45-60 minutes. My school believes in turning out teachers who are musicians first, which I liked a lot.
Phew!! I think that's it!