It is possible, though the book talks a wee bit more about international relations than the movie does. But never gives any reason for the infertility. I think it has to do with the ambiguous ending. If you know WHY women are infertile, than you have hope of fixing it, without a concrete reason, it leads to the hopelessness you see in the movie.
I would certainly not complain if either the author or Hollywood revisited this world and continued or explained more of the story. I just don't see it happening.
/die-hard sf nerd
