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Well... it kinda depends on which moral theory you're wanting to go with. For example, if you prefer virtue theory, you might want to look at Aristotle (Nichomachean Ethics would probably be most helpful). If you're a deontologist, Kant would be your best bet. The easiest route (well, the easiest for me, anyway) would be to go with Utilitarianism. Bentham outlines a precise calculation process which, when performed correctly, will weigh all sides of an issue in order to determine the appropriate outcome. Of course, the problems with this theory are (1) who can possibly assign values to all parts involved in the calculation and (2) who has the time to do such calculations for every action?
I'll see if I can find some links that might be helpful to you.
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