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Originally posted by ladygreek
Thanks. I should have been clearer with my question. I know what Title IX is. I had never heard of it being relevant to GLOs or more specifically NPHC orgs.
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It is relevant to all organizations that are supported by or recognized by an educational institution that receives federal funding.
Simply put, the Department of Education can withhold federal funds (including loans to eligible students and grants) from any educational institution that supports or recognizes any organization that discriminates in membership selection on the basis of sex. Thus, schools have a very real incentive to deny recognition to single-sex organizations.
Among the limited exceptions to this requirement are "social fraternities and sororities." So, a school can recognize "social fraternities and sororities" without endangering the ability to receive federal funds under Title IX. Professional, honorary and service GLOs, on the other hand, were pretty much forced by Title IX to go co-ed.
As far as NPHC orgs go, my understanding is that they traditionally refer to themselves as service organizations. But it appears that they also meet the Department of Education's criteria for "social" fraternities and sororities, even if they would not usually refer to themselves as "social."