GreekChat.com Forums

GreekChat.com Forums (https://greekchat.com/gcforums/index.php)
-   Greek Life (https://greekchat.com/gcforums/forumdisplay.php?f=24)
-   -   How do NPC/IFC differ from NPHC on the subject of "Perps"? (https://greekchat.com/gcforums/showthread.php?t=113800)

peter_brenner 05-21-2010 11:07 PM

How do NPC/IFC differ from NPHC on the subject of "Perps"?
 
I have lurked on this board for quite a while. I was talking to a friend this evening who is a member of an NPC fraternity. I told him that I am an interest for an NPHC organization to which he jokingly replied, "Why would you join after college? What's the point? And they sell paraphernalia online so you can always just buy it and wear it around." I told him that it is considered "perpetrating" and it is quite disrespectful to NPHC organization members to do this. Furthermore, he said that of course he would ask a person on the street wearing paraphernalia from his fraternity what chapter they are from, etc but he wouldn't be offended if the person was not really a member. (who knows how much truth is really behind this, but it got me to thinking...)

Maybe it is just my friend but how do other NPC/IFC organization members feel about this? I know that NPHC members get quite heated about perpetrators and make it their mission to figure out if people are telling the truth about being members. I am just curious and I apologize if my question offends anyone as I am not trying to perpetuate any stereotypes unnecessarily. Thank you in advance for your honesty... or hostility... whichever you prefer.

Leslie Anne 05-21-2010 11:21 PM

It is just your friend...and people like him who probably didn't take his membership seriously. I'll speak only for NPCs but perps are generally hunted down like the dogs they are and verbally tarred and feathered.

Psi U MC Vito 05-21-2010 11:22 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by peter_brenner (Post 1932590)
I have lurked on this board for quite a while. I was talking to a friend this evening who is a member of an NPC fraternity. I told him that I am an interest for an NPHC organization to which he jokingly replied, "Why would you join after college? What's the point? And they sell paraphernalia online so you can always just buy it and wear it around." I told him that it is considered "perpetrating" and it is quite disrespectful to NPHC organization members to do this. Furthermore, he said that of course he would ask a person on the street wearing paraphernalia from his fraternity what chapter they are from, etc but he wouldn't be offended if the person was not really a member. (who knows how much truth is really behind this, but it got me to thinking...)

Maybe it is just my friend but how do other NPC/IFC organization members feel about this? I know that NPHC members get quite heated about perpetrators and make it their mission to figure out if people are telling the truth about being members. I am just curious and I apologize if my question offends anyone as I am not trying to perpetuate any stereotypes unnecessarily. Thank you in advance for your honesty... or hostility... whichever you prefer.

just so you know NPC are Women Fraternities and Sororities and NIC is fraternities. And We hunt down perps with a passion.

IrishLake 05-21-2010 11:31 PM

Personal experience with a perp... I was in college, went bowling with my boyfriend in the nearest larger town. Saw a girl, about the age of 16 there, wearing an IDENTICAL black hoodie pullover windbreaker with Theta letters on it. Now, people who are familiar with Theta know that we do not allow anyone other than initiated sisters to wear our letters, because they do not know/understand/appreciate the meaning of them. We don't even allow our letters to go on all-greek t-shirts (for recruitment, greek week, joint parties, etc), it just says "Theta."

So approached the girl, friendly, and I assume her mom or sister is a Theta (I've heard from a few people that immediate female family members can wear our letters, I dont know if this is true or not, AzTheta would know). I show her my jacket, and we laugh at having the same one. So I ask "Which Theta chapter do you belong to?" She says, "Oh, I don't, I'm in high school." (I knew this). So then I said "Oh so do you have a sister or is your mom a Theta?" She replies, "No, I found this jacket in a lost and found at the mall. I thought it looked cute."

I was livid, because my Theta chapter was the only one in the area, which meant that jacket likely belonged to one of my sisters.

I paid the girl $10 for the jacket. She gave it to me. I never found the owner though, no one claimed it. Could have belonged to a senior who had graduated the year before.

So personally, I loath Perps.

chickenoodle 05-21-2010 11:42 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by IrishLake (Post 1932605)
Personal experience with a perp... I was in college, went bowling with my boyfriend in the nearest larger town. Saw a girl, about the age of 16 there, wearing an IDENTICAL black hoodie pullover windbreaker with Theta letters on it. Now, people who are familiar with Theta know that we do not allow anyone other than initiated sisters to wear our letters, because they do not know/understand/appreciate the meaning of them. We don't even allow our letters to go on all-greek t-shirts (for recruitment, greek week, joint parties, etc), it just says "Theta."

So approached the girl, friendly, and I assume her mom or sister is a Theta (I've heard from a few people that immediate female family members can wear our letters, I dont know if this is true or not, AzTheta would know). I show her my jacket, and we laugh at having the same one. So I ask "Which Theta chapter do you belong to?" She says, "Oh, I don't, I'm in high school." (I knew this). So then I said "Oh so do you have a sister or is your mom a Theta?" She replies, "No, I found this jacket in a lost and found at the mall. I thought it looked cute."

I was livid, because my Theta chapter was the only one in the area, which meant that jacket likely belonged to one of my sisters.

I paid the girl $10 for the jacket. She gave it to me. I never found the owner though, no one claimed it. Could have belonged to a senior who had graduated the year before.

So personally, I loath Perps.


I'm amazed she gave it to you cheap. I don't know if I would have handled that situation as well you.

My Fraternity does not belong to any of aforementioned councils, but I absolutely feel as strongly about "perps" wearing my letters as anyone else on here. My letters represent so much history and tradition and I have such respect for the Fraternity's purpose and vision.

I think I would try to take IrishLake's approach and try to buy the item back.

IrishLake 05-21-2010 11:45 PM

She was just a kid, in a down and out town. I would have given her more for it. But she bit on the 10 spot right away.

tld221 05-22-2010 11:35 AM

I think the majority of NPC/IFC/LMNOP members on GC feel moderately to very strongly against perps. Our letters mean a lot and have for years, and will continue to.

Gotta protect what's yours-regardless of if you rep AB Sorority or XYZ Fraternity, Incorporated.

Barbie's_Rush 05-22-2010 01:11 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by IrishLake (Post 1932612)
She was just a kid, in a down and out town. I would have given her more for it. But she bit on the 10 spot right away.

There's definitely a difference between someone deliberately perping your organization and someone like this who needed a jacket, didn't have money and thought the one with your letters was pretty and nice.

DTD Alum 05-22-2010 01:24 PM

I think we (for the most part) feel very strongly about perps. I know a person who joined a local sorority whose nickname is also Theta (the letters of the GLO are Alpha Theta Psi or Phi) and anytime she meets a real Theta she is quick to tell them she is a Theta too. If it was an innocent mistake I wouldn't have a problem with, but she has even admitted she knows exactly what she is doing and it drives me crazy.

als463 05-22-2010 01:29 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Barbie's_Rush (Post 1932726)
There's definitely a difference between someone deliberately perping your organization and someone like this who needed a jacket, didn't have money and thought the one with your letters was pretty and nice.

Someone who "shops" in the lost and found isn't necessarily poor. They are just being weird. I know this because in junior high, when Champion was the big thing, I decided to go "shopping" in the lost and found and found myself a champion sweatshirt that I claimed to be mine. It wasn't. I negated to look at the big black lettering on the tag that spelled out one of my best friend's name on it. I learned a long time ago that "shopping" at the lost and found was not a good idea. Even if you get something from the thrift store, before I was Greek, I would never have picked up a jacket, shirt or hoodie with letters on it, especially if I didn't know what they were. For all I know, I could have been rockin' some fraternity letters.

IrishLake 05-22-2010 01:46 PM

Like I said, she was a kid, I was friendly (not rude), and had she said that her mom or her sister was a Theta, I would have left it at that, and told her to tell them she met one while out that night. But as soon as she said she got it at the Lost n Found and thought it was cute ... sorry, but I've gotta act, because my chapter was the only one within a 100 mile radius, and that meant that jacket most likely belonged to one of my sisters. She might not have been a traditional perp, but it didn't mean she didn't pretend or wear it to make herself seem older and in college versus in high school (some of the guys in her little group looked older than my boyfriend). She was far from "poor," as well.

Barbie's_Rush 05-22-2010 01:48 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by als463 (Post 1932729)
Someone who "shops" in the lost and found isn't necessarily poor. They are just being weird. I know this because in junior high, when Champion was the big thing, I decided to go "shopping" in the lost and found and found myself a champion sweatshirt that I claimed to be mine. It wasn't. I negated to look at the big black lettering on the tag that spelled out one of my best friend's name on it. I learned a long time ago that "shopping" at the lost and found was not a good idea. Even if you get something from the thrift store, before I was Greek, I would never have picked up a jacket, shirt or hoodie with letters on it, especially if I didn't know what they were. For all I know, I could have been rockin' some fraternity letters.

Just because you were morally bankrupt in junior high doesn't mean everyone was. It was a poor town and the girl may have been cold and needed a jacket. We don't know. My point is she obviously didn't know or care about the significance of the letters on it. To her it was simply a jacket. That's very different from wearing letters and announcing "Look at meeeeeeeeeeeeee! I'm a Thetaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa!"

als463 05-22-2010 02:33 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Barbie's_Rush (Post 1932734)
Just because you were morally bankrupt in junior high doesn't mean everyone was. It was a poor town and the girl may have been cold and needed a jacket. We don't know. My point is she obviously didn't know or care about the significance of the letters on it. To her it was simply a jacket. That's very different from wearing letters and announcing "Look at meeeeeeeeeeeeee! I'm a Thetaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa!"

Hey now...I didn't say I was morally bankrupt. I was a weird kid. My parents wouldn't pay $30. for a sweatshirt with a little "C" on it. Now, when I think back, I can't really blame them, even though $30. for a sweatshirt doesn't seem like much anymore. I agree with what IrishLakes said. I haven't found anyone perping my letters (except that one girl on GC who said she belonged to Phi Mu and AGD, as well as Delta Gamma, I think). I don't think she sounded like she was being rude by giving the girl money for the jacket.

I do have to say, however, I do think it is weird when people want to wear letters that don't belong to them. Even in high school, where only a small number of people even went to college and an even smaller number went Greek, I always knew what sororities and fraternities were. I would have felt weird wearing letters, not knowing if I was representing a men's fraternity or an honor society I did not belong to. That would be just weird. I want to also add, I grew up in a small/ poor town, too. I still wouldn't have done what that young girl did.

carnation 05-22-2010 02:45 PM

Somewhere on GC in the past, I posted about going down the main drag with a tiny and elderly AKA alumna who saw some guys wearing her letters. Three of us had to grab her to keep her from jumping out of a moving car and going after them..you should have heard her screaming at them. She's been in the city chapter here for over 50 years--a super lady.

IrishLake 05-22-2010 02:49 PM

Barbie, you're looking too much into it. The girl wasn't freezing, it was a cool September night. It wasn't a winter coat, it was a nylon pullover. She was young and desperately trying to look older. You're right, she didn't know or care about the significance of the letters, but greek orgs are very active in that community. The odds of her NOT knowing they were greek letters and belonged to a sorority or fraternity member are slim. She knew exactly what I was talking about when I asked her. If she didn't, she would have said "chapter of what? what's a Theta?" Instead of saying "Oh, I'm not, I'm in high school." She might not have been a traditional perp, but still a perp nonetheless. She made ten bucks off something she got for free, and was happy to sell it. At the age of 16 eleven years ago, that was a decent deal. Had I seen a homeless person, or someone in a womens shelter, wearing my letters, I wouldnt have said a word. There's a difference. Guess you had to be there.

als463 05-22-2010 02:49 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by carnation (Post 1932752)
Somewhere on GC in the past, I posted about going down the main drag with a tiny and elderly AKA alumna who saw some guys wearing her letters. Three of us had to grab her to keep her from jumping out of a moving car and going after them..you should have heard her screaming at them. She's been in the city chapter here for over 50 years--a super lady.

I bet. Some people get really upset by it. I have a friend who joined Tri-Delta (or she got a bid) and then dropped out. She still wears Delta t-shirts. I wonder how people feel about that. Is that seen the same as perping in your (as in everyone in this thread) eyes? Not sure how I feel about people wearing items after dropping out before or after initiation. I have never really come across too many perps but, then again-I never really ask if they belonged to the organization and when I see a girl wearing fraternity letters, I figure she must be dating some fraternity guy. Maybe I should ask next time. I never thought to do that.

lovespink88 05-22-2010 03:17 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by IrishLake (Post 1932605)
We don't even allow our letters to go on all-greek t-shirts (for recruitment, greek week, joint parties, etc), it just says "Theta."

I own a Sigma Chi Derby Days shirt with Kappa Alpha Theta letters (and the letters of 12 other sororities, including my own) on it.

(Not trying to stir the pot, or accuse you of not knowing your GLO's rules, but just pointing out that sometimes these things get looked over.)

IrishLake 05-22-2010 03:25 PM

pink.... yeah, a lot of people ignore us when we ask them not to put our letters on it. It happens. We don't like it, but oh well.

lovespink88 05-22-2010 03:29 PM

^^ I think the whole putting lettings on event shirts is always a problem anyways. I've seen tons of shirts that come out with mistakes For example, I've seen letters for "Theta Mu" instead of Phi Mu, "Omicron Delta" instead of Omega Delta, "Epsilon Kappa" instead of Sigma Kappa, "Alpha Chi Alpha" instead of Lambda Chi Alpha, and "Alpha Zeta Delta" instead of Alpha Xi Delta (WHICH IS WHY AXiDs SHOULD NEVER WRITE OUT AZD!!!!!//endrant)

IrishLake 05-22-2010 03:33 PM

You're so right! We actually had a greek week shirt that said "Phi Moo Delta." c'mon.... dumb t-shirt companies, or dumb person placing the order, not sure which.

IrishLake 05-22-2010 03:35 PM

oh, and this is cute... my Big's 85 year old grandma made her a bag with letters stitched on it ... that had the greek letters Kappa Alpha Phi. She got the Theta and Phi mixed up. My big still used the bag though. :)

DrPhil 05-22-2010 03:39 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by als463 (Post 1932755)
I bet. Some people get really upset by it. I have a friend who joined Tri-Delta (or she got a bid) and then dropped out. She still wears Delta t-shirts. I wonder how people feel about that. Is that seen the same as perping in your (as in everyone in this thread) eyes?

Perp.

People who drop out after accepting a bid and people who are expelled are no longer members. Hopefully, members in good standing will have the nonmember put everything in a box to be picked up or sent back to the national headquarters.

KSUViolet06 05-22-2010 03:46 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by DrPhil (Post 1932835)
Perp.

People who drop out after accepting a bid and people who are expelled are no longer members. Hopefully, members in good standing will have the nonmember put everything in a box to be picked up or sent back to the national headquarters.

Yep.

Still a perp.

Once you depledge or terminate your membership, our letters are not yours to wear/own anymore.

I'd imagine the same is true for the other NPCs as well.

DrPhil 05-22-2010 03:51 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by KSUViolet06 (Post 1932844)
Yep.

Still a perp.

Once you depledge or terminate your membership, our letters are not yours to wear/own anymore.

I'd imagine the same is true for the other NPCs as well.

Since I said "accept a bid and then drop out," this includes people who were never duly initiated and people whose initiation has been resended (for lack of a better word LOL).

rant/I will note that women who have been expelled by nhq are tolerated by some members more than women who depledged themselves. I don't tolerate any of them heifers--put your stuff in a box and send it back. Just keep your memories. I am more polite to those who chose to depledge and send their stuff back VERSUS women who did something heinous enough to get expelled./end rant

DrPhil 05-22-2010 03:55 PM

So, yikes, als463 is a friend with a perp? Oh no, she needs to stage an intervention. I can't be friendly with people who I know to be misrepresenting themselves about something that I consider to be serious.

KSUViolet06 05-22-2010 04:01 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by DrPhil (Post 1932847)
Since I said "accept a bid and then drop out," this includes people who were never duly initiated and people whose initiation has been resended (for lack of a better word LOL).

rant/I will note that women who have been expelled by nhq are tolerated by some members more than women who depledged themselves. I don't tolerate any of them heifers--put your stuff in a box and send it back. Just keep your memories. I am more polite to those who chose to depledge and send their stuff back VERSUS women who did something heinous enough to get expelled./end rant

Yeah, termination = being "expelled" after Initiation. The same term is used to describe someone who CHOOSES to end their membership.

At any rate, I echo your sentiments. Keep your memories. Return all other items. No I couldn't care less if you paid for them (which is usually the main argument for attempting to keep the stuff).

als463 05-22-2010 04:04 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by DrPhil (Post 1932852)
So, yikes, als463 is a friend with a perp? Oh no, she needs to stage an intervention. I can't be friendly with people who I know to be misrepresenting themselves about something that I consider to be serious.

I agree. I didn't feel it was my place to say anything. Why? Because one of our mutual friends who is a Tri-Delt from UCF knows about it and hasn't said anything to her. I didn't want to step on anyone's toes regarding this. Now, if this was a Phi Mu, there would be a difference because it is my chapter. Don't get me wrong, if I saw a guy sporting Delta Sigma Theta, Tri-Sigma or any other "female" organization, I would ask him about it but, chances are, one of the members of those organizations would beat me to it.

DrPhil 05-22-2010 04:08 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by als463 (Post 1932858)
I agree. I didn't feel it was my place to say anything. Why? Because one of our mutual friends who is a Tri-Delt from UCF knows about it and hasn't said anything to her. I didn't want to step on anyone's toes regarding this. Now, if this was a Phi Mu, there would be a difference because it is my chapter. Don't get me wrong, if I saw a guy sporting Delta Sigma Theta, Tri-Sigma or any other "female" organization, I would ask him about it but, chances are, one of the members of those organizations would beat me to it.

You aren't formally intervening, as in calling the national headquarters. That's your other lousy Tri-Delta friend's job.

You are intervening as a friend. As far as I'm concerned, someone who doesn't understand rules and boundaries regarding that is someone who can never completely be trusted, period. You know her better than I do, though. I just know what my family, friends, acquaintances, and I wouldn't tolerate from each other.

Animate 05-24-2010 04:08 PM

Perp stories always make me giggle. Especially from within the NPHC.

Look people it is EXTREMELY easy to find out if someone is a member. Perping will literally get you hurt in some instances. I've had people ask me if someone was an Alpha when they didn't think he was. I confirmed it within 5 minutes, outside of standard ways of determining.

I'll never forget this girl being found out for perping AKA. I've never seen someone disappear off the face of the earth so fast.

TL : DR - perping isn't worth it.

KSUViolet06 05-24-2010 04:12 PM

^^^Co-sign.

People really don't get how small the Greek world is.

It took me about 5 minutes and one email to the chapter's current president to bust a GC Sigma perp.

Also funny:

I have heard of people perping in big cities like NYC thinking they'll never be found out. Ex: move to Chicago, decide to perp because no one here knows me or will care.

Nope. Greekdom is still a really small world, even in a big city.

Or perping a really big chapter thinking that because there are so many initiates, no one will know you're lying. False.

Senusret I 05-24-2010 04:25 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Animate (Post 1933747)
I'll never forget this girl being found out for perping AKA. I've never seen someone disappear off the face of the earth so fast.

Kim Torres?

KSUViolet06 05-24-2010 05:03 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Senusret I (Post 1933756)
Kim Torres?

Ok, so I knew nothing about this girl at all. Or this situation.

Since you mentioned her, I Googled this person and I kid you not, the first suggestion was "Kim Torres AKA"

LOL. Wow. Must have been kind of a big deal.

ETA: Just skimmed a few of the search results. Double wow.

naraht 05-24-2010 05:21 PM

*really* wierd perp(?) situation
 
In one of the more recent Power Rangers (Mystic Force), in one of the episodes, one of the five power rangers is wearing a t-shirt with the Alpha Phi Omega coat of arms on it. The actor is from Australia or New Zealand, which makes them being a brother fairly unlikely...

Does that count?

Drolefille 05-24-2010 05:29 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by naraht (Post 1933783)
In one of the more recent Power Rangers (Mystic Force), in one of the episodes, one of the five power rangers is wearing a t-shirt with the Alpha Phi Omega coat of arms on it. The actor is from Australia or New Zealand, which makes them being a brother fairly unlikely...

Does that count?

Are the Power Rangers in college now? I could almost give them that if they're in college as an in character shirt not representative of the actor.

dreamseeker 05-24-2010 05:38 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by KSUViolet06 (Post 1933770)
Ok, so I knew nothing about this girl at all. Or this situation.

Since you mentioned her, I Googled this person and I kid you not, the first suggestion was "Kim Torres AKA"

LOL. Wow. Must have been kind of a big deal.

ETA: Just skimmed a few of the search results. Double wow.

messy indeed.

tld221 05-24-2010 06:04 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by KSUViolet06 (Post 1933752)
^^^Co-sign.

People really don't get how small the Greek world is.

It took me about 5 minutes and one email to the chapter's current president to bust a GC Sigma perp.

Also funny:

I have heard of people perping in big cities like NYC thinking they'll never be found out. Ex: move to Chicago, decide to perp because no one here knows me or will care.

Nope. Greekdom is still a really small world, even in a big city.


Or perping a really big chapter thinking that because there are so many initiates, no one will know you're lying. False.

It's even worse, i think, to perp in a bigger city. For starters, there are likely to be more members. With more members, in a big city, comes geographic diversity - so many transplants (school, work, moving with a spouse/family) that it would be uber quick to bust Perpin' Patrice, who's claiming to have become a member of XYZ back in the day at State U. Guess what? the alumnae chapter president went to Tech, down the street from State U and guess what - they didn't have a line that semester, or they were inactive.

exit Perpin' Patrice.


sidenote: someone got busted as a perp on twitter. its that serious yall.

knight_shadow 05-24-2010 06:06 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by tld221 (Post 1933820)
sidenote: someone got busted as a perp on twitter. its that serious yall.

I don't know why people think they can get away with, ESPECIALLY with all the social networks popping up.

Animate 05-24-2010 07:13 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Senusret I (Post 1933756)
Kim Torres?

LOL Lord no not her! This chick was "local" to my area. Showed up to probates and everything. About a month later poop hit the fan...had so many AKAs hunting for her.

KSUViolet06 05-24-2010 07:25 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by tld221 (Post 1933820)
It's even worse, i think, to perp in a bigger city. For starters, there are likely to be more members. With more members, in a big city, comes geographic diversity - so many transplants (school, work, moving with a spouse/family) that it would be uber quick to bust Perpin' Patrice, who's claiming to have become a member of XYZ back in the day at State U. Guess what? the alumnae chapter president went to Tech, down the street from State U and guess what - they didn't have a line that semester, or they were inactive.
exit Perpin' Patrice.


sidenote: someone got busted as a perp on twitter. its that serious yall.

That makes a lot of sense.

Quote:

Originally Posted by knight_shadow (Post 1933821)
I don't know why people think they can get away with, ESPECIALLY with all the social networks popping up.

Perping is impossible with FB/MySpace/Twitter/etc. It's funny, because if you kept to yourself, it might be harder to figure out that you're fake. But most people who perp really can't do that (I think they want the attention). lol. The sorority they claim is all over their social networking sites and such. It's too easy. Like GC Sigma perp. Wouldn't have known too much about it if I hadn't seen her MySpace (which was perpalicious).

It's just not worth it because I have never heard of someone getting away with it their whole lives. Everyone is found out eventually.

knight_shadow 05-24-2010 07:37 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by KSUViolet06 (Post 1933866)
Perping is impossible with FB/MySpace/Twitter/etc. It's funny, because if you kept to yourself, it might be harder to figure out that you're fake. But most people who perp really can't do that (I think they want the attention). lol. The sorority they claim is all over their social networking sites and such. It's too easy. Like GC Sigma perp. Wouldn't have known too much about it if I hadn't seen her MySpace (which was perpalicious).

It's just not worth it because I have never heard of someone getting away with it their whole lives. Everyone is found out eventually.

Exactly. You know the folks that are perping are also trying to friend request real members. It's silly for them to think that, at some point, said members aren't going to figure it out.


All times are GMT -4. The time now is 03:22 PM.

Powered by vBulletin® Version 3.8.11
Copyright ©2000 - 2025, vBulletin Solutions Inc.